Unimplemented Trap
Adventures in hardware and software

Modernising a vintage digital clock

I recently picked up an interesting digital clock for only £3 at, of all places, an agricultural show. Branded “Forth” on both the back and on the PCB inside I have not been able to find any information on the manufacturer of this. The internals are nicely designed and very compact in a solid wooden case (no veneer!). There’s holes on top of the case which line up with a connector inside suggesting there may have been something like a lamp originally mounted above.

The clock as-bought
Click to view full size - The clock as-bought
Rear view showing the only controls this has
Click to view full size - Rear view showing the only controls this has
Closeup of the Forth logo, same as on the back
Click to view full size - Closeup of the Forth logo, same as on the back

The datecode on the single IC shows this was built in the second half of the 70s. This chip is an AY-5-1224 and uses a 12V AC signal to keep track of the time—just wire the chip for 50 or 60Hz mains power—and also handles driving the four 7-segment displays. Those are red Fairchild FND500 displays, although some of the segments are now failing which could also be due to any part of the driver circuitry.

The wiring has been arranged very neatly, there's not a lot of room to work in
Click to view full size - The wiring has been arranged very neatly, there's not a lot of room to work in
The main components for the clock are all on this single PCB. It's been sprayed black to prevent them showing through the acrylic front
Click to view full size - The main components for the clock are all on this single PCB. It's been sprayed black to prevent them showing through the acrylic front
This AY-5-1224 is the single chip that drives the whole clock
Click to view full size - This AY-5-1224 is the single chip that drives the whole clock

Because of the failing digits and the questionable safety of a 50 year old unearthed appliance I wanted to modernise it a bit. The original internals look so good anyway it’s a shame to keep them hidden in that case so they’ll go on display somewhere.

Using a spare first generation Raspberry Pi Zero combined with a 256×64 white OLED display I programmed up a clock animation based on the LED patterns of the Thinking Machines Corporation CM-5 supercomputer. There’s an implementation of this animation available in C and it was fairly simple to convert this into Python to create a 64×16 pixel pattern. My code for this is available on GitHub.

The OLED display I used supports 16 levels of greyscale, so the pattern is set to be less strong than the digits to make them readable. But when each minute changes, the pattern is turned to full brightness to make a more pleasing transition. This glows really nicely through the red acrylic front.

All the new parts
Click to view full size - All the new parts
The completed clock. Each pixel you see is actually a 2×2 square with a 1 pixel gap
Click to view full size - The completed clock. Each pixel you see is actually a 2×2 square with a 1 pixel gap

Using the existing hole in the wooden case I added a rotary encoder to give control over the speed of the animation. Pressing the rotary encoder in triggers a safe shutdown of the Pi. All the internal brackets and mounts, as well as the rotary encoder housing on top, are 3D printed to fit the woodencase without any need for customisation.

Video of it in action

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